ThermoGuard IoT: An IoT-Based Extreme Temperature Warning System with Telegram Notification to Support Climate Change Adaptation in Schools

Abstract

Heatwave conditions associated with global climate change increase the risk of dehydration and heat stroke among school pupils during outdoor activities. To address the limitations of manual environmental monitoring, this project developed ThermoGuard, a real-time Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart temperature monitoring station. The prototype was developed using the Engineering Design Process (EDP) and integrated a Micro:bit microcontroller, REKA:BIT expansion board, and ESP32 Wi-Fi module within a creatively modified kit-packaging enclosure. The main innovation is the State Change Detection algorithm, which limits notification transmission to a single alert when the thermal status changes and therefore reduces notification flooding. Controlled simulation testing showed that the system successfully activated visual LED indicators and a buzzer and transmitted rapid Telegram notifications when the temperature reached the 38°C danger threshold. Four Telegram transmission tests conducted on 15 June 2026 were successfully received. The findings indicate that ThermoGuard is a practical, low-cost early-warning prototype for improving heat-risk awareness and supporting climate adaptation and STEM education in schools.