Effects of Uniform and Non-Uniform Magnetic Fields on Magnetised Fluid Flow over an Inclined Extending Plate

Authors

  • Nur Ilyana Kamis Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
  • Noraihan Afiqah Rawi Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
  • Lim Yeou Jiann Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
  • Sharidan Shafie Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Keywords:

MHD effect, FHD effect, dual ferrofluid, inclined, bvp4c

Abstract

Nanoparticle-based fluids exhibit significant potential for enhancing the efficiency of solar thermal systems. Ferrofluids, characterised by high thermal conductivity and strong magnetic responsiveness, can substantially improve heat absorption and the overall performance of solar collector plates. This study investigates the influence of magnetic fields on the flow behaviour and heat transfer characteristics of a ferrofluid containing ferrite and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles, dispersed in an equal mixture of ethylene glycol and water, over an inclined stretching plate. Uniform magnetic fields are employed to examine magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects, while non-uniform magnetic fields are considered to capture ferrohydrodynamic (FHD) behaviour. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations and are subsequently solved numerically using the bvp4c function in MATLAB. The results indicate that uniform magnetic fields significantly decelerate the fluid motion, as compared to non-uniform magnetic fields. The temperature profile increases more markedly under MHD effects compared to FHD effects. In contrast, stronger magnetic fields increase shear stress while suppressing heat transfer. These findings provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of solar collector plates, enabling improved thermal efficiency and stable system operation.

Author Biographies

Nur Ilyana Kamis, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Noraihan Afiqah Rawi, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Lim Yeou Jiann, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

Sharidan Shafie, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

sharidan@utm.my

Downloads

Published

2026-02-01

Issue

Section

Articles