Analysis on the Torque Generation of a Satellite System with Three Reaction Wheels

Abstract

With the rapid advancement of satellite technology, precise attitude control has become increasingly critical to ensure that satellites perform their intended functions effectively. The reliability of satellite operations heavily depends on the performance of key control actuators. These reaction wheels are typically arranged in either three- or four-wheel configurations, allowing for efficient manoeuvring in three-dimensional space. The torque generated by these spinning wheels plays a vital role in accurately adjusting the satellite’s attitude. This project focuses on analysing torque generation in a satellite system utilizing a three-reaction-wheel configuration. Central to this analysis is the development of a mathematical model that captures the principles of torque generation, enabling the computation of the torque contributed by each wheel in a given setup. The torque outputs are analysed using MATLAB simulations, which visualize the torque envelope also known as the convex hull of each configuration. MATLAB code was used calculate torque combinations, generate convex hulls, and compare different configurations. Based on the research, it is found that various configuration will produce strength and weaknesses in particular axis of rotation. Depending on the needs of the satellite mission, the torque envelope can be applied to optimize the torque.