Exploring Factors Influencing Single-Use Plastic Reduction among Small Medium Enterprise (SMEs)

Abstract

It is estimated that 11 million metric tons of plastic are dumped into the ocean every year, with this figure projected to triple by 2040. Recognising this issue, the Malaysian government has initiated a roadmap towards zero single-use plastics 2018 – 2030 to encourage the industry to transition to eco-friendly products. While larger enterprises are benefitted with abundance resources, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) often are at a competitive disadvantage in terms of human, financial and technical capital. Therefore, drawing from integrated theoretical perspectives, this research explores factors influencing single-use plastic reduction among retail SMEs. A survey questionnaire was employed to collect data from 384 SMEs in Malaysia. Findings showed that resource availability was the most significant determinant in reducing single-use plastics, followed by institutional pressures and personal norms. Resolving resource constraints and improving regulatory frameworks are crucial to achieving sustainable plastic reduction among SMEs. Tailored interventions which consider industry-specific targets and resource limits are critical to the success of future initiatives aimed at reducing plastic waste.